The composition of a page by assembling the disparate page elements, either manually or electronically, into a mechanical or other form of camera-ready copy. For many years, paste-up was performed manually, by means of sheets of output text and graphics which were litrerally pasted into position on a paste-up board, which could then be photographed by a process camera to make negatives for platemaking. Increasingly, however, paste-up is performed digitally, either on a desktop publishing system or a CEPS. Paste-up is also known as page makeup which is becoming the dominant term, as digital systems are rendering the term "paste"-up obsolete.